Mali

Mali

mali

mali, AN OVERVIEW

Mali has 19.1 million inhabitants, more than 74% of them in rural areas. With its low-income, poorly diversified economy vulnerable to commodity price fluctuations, the poverty rate is particularly high.

Between 2011 and 2015, the extreme poverty rate reached 47.2% because of the security crisis and then fell slightly (42.7%) from 2019 as a result of exceptionally high agricultural production in the past four years. Poverty is concentrated in the rural areas in the south of country (90%), where the population density is the highest.

Its strong population growth (with a fertility rate of 6 children per woman in 2017) and climate change pose major risks for agriculture and food security.

mali IN FIGURES
  • Total population 2020* : 19.1 M
  • Very young* population* : 
    • 33% aged between 10 and 24
    • 48% aged under 15
  • Population growth rate* :
    • 3% per year in Mali
    • 1,1% per year in global terms
  • Fertility rate of women aged 15-49 (2015-2020)* : 5,9 children per woman

  • TContraceptive prevalence rate of women aged 15 to 49 (2018)* :

    – 16% all methods

    – 15% modern methods

  • Maternal mortality ratio (2017)** : 562 deaths per 100,000 live births
  • Rate of early marriage* : 40of adolescents aged 15 to 19 married
  • Early pregnancies* : 66,2of adolescents under the age of 19 pregnant or have given birth
  • Unmet family planning needs* : 26% of women aged 15 to 49

*www.unfpa.org/data/world-population-dashboard

**www.apps.who.int/gho/data/node.home

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THE FRENCH MUSKOKA FUND IN mali

Read about some of our high-impact interventions:

Improving Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care

Improving the blood transfusion system in Mali has saved lives. The French Muskoka Fund helped improve and strengthen the blood collection and storage system in the National Blood Transfusion Center and in hospitals in Mopti and Gao.

This is a high-impact activity: blood transfusions are a life-saving treatment for hemorrhage during childbirth, which is responsible for a third of maternal deaths. Health facilities that cater for a population of a million inhabitants are potentially responsible for 50,000 pregnant women. In a country where the maternal mortality rate is 562 deaths per 100,000 live births, 300 of these women will die every year due to pregnancy- and birth-related complications. Of these 300 women, 100 will die from hemorrhaging. In light of this, an operational blood transfusion system will avoid 100 maternal deaths every year.

Responses to crisis situations

The north of Mali has seen massive population displacement and is affected by very limited access to health care. Muskoka agencies were mobilized to ensure continuity of care in health districts and hospitals in the regions of Gao, Timbuktu, Kidal, Mopti and Ségou.

Multidisciplinary teams responsible for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health were deployed in the conflict zones. In total, 217 specialists were sent into the field, including 30 midwives and obstetric nurses, 8 obstetrician-gynecologists and 26 staff from the Expanded Programme on Immunization. As a result of these interventions, some health centers that were ransacked during the occupation of the north were able to reopen and ensure continuity of services. Urgent drugs (kits) and other medical and non-medical products were also supplied.

The fight against gender-based violence

Four studies were conducted on violence in hospital settings and the results used to enhance training modules for health care staff and inspire national strategies to improve reception in health services.

In Mali, Senegal, Chad, Togo and Niger, around 700 community leaders were given training and guidance on their roles and responsibilities in the fight against gender-based violence, discriminatory practices and maternal and child mortality by community committees working to prevent maternal, newborn and child morbidity and mortality, established with the help of some of the mayors.

Equitable access to qualified health care staff

In Mali, the second class of midwives with the new degree has graduated from the Institut National de Formation des Agents de Santé (national institute of health worker training).
However, increasing midwives’ level of training has not helped resolve the problem of a lack of midwife availability in rural areas. It is therefore envisaged that the rural pipeline strategy will be extended to most regions in Mali.
This strategy has been successfully implemented in the Gao region: it involves training young people and women, recruiting them and keeping maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health care teams in rural and disadvantaged areas.

KEY RESULTS

%

reduction in newborn mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Mali

%

reduction in under-five mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Mali

%

increase in the rate of births attended by qualified staff between 2010 and 2017 in Mali

%

increase in exclusive breastfeeding rates in babies under 6 months in Mali

%

rate of modern contraception use by women in 2017 in Mali

stories

Maminata

Sikkasso Mali

Zeïna

Bamako, Mali

Magassi

Mali

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Mali

Guinea

guinea

guinea, AN OVERVIEW

With 13.1 million inhabitants, Guinea has seen sustained growth of its economy since 2016.

Sixty-five percent of the population lives outside of cities because of the important economic role played by agriculture and natural resources. The agriculture sector is the country’s leading employer and is key to alleviating poverty and rural development: it accounts for 57% of rural household revenue and 52% of the labor force.

Male-female inequality in education, access to work and access to decision-making posts remains a major challenge for the country. There are still major constraints: weak human capital (with low literacy rates), a poor health system, limited access to finance and high unemployment, especially among young people.

guinea IN FIGURES
  • Total population * : 13.1 M
  • Very young population* : 
    • 32% aged between 10 and 24
    • 42% aged under 15
  • Population growth rate* :
    • 2,5% per year in Guinea
    • 1,1% per year in global terms
  • Fertility rate of women aged 15-49 (2015-2020)* : 4,7 children per woman

  • Contraceptive prevalence rate of women aged 15 to 49 (2018)* :

    • 8% all methods
    • 10% modern methods
  • Maternal mortality ratio (2017)** : 576 deaths per 100,000 live births
  • Rate of early marriage* : 32of adolescents aged 15 to 19 married
  • Early pregnancies* : 58,1of adolescents under the age of 19 pregnant or have given birth
  • Unmet family planning need: 25% of women aged 15 to 49

*www.unfpa.org/data/world-population-dashboard

**www.apps.who.int/gho/data/node.home

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THE FRENCH MUSKOKA FUND IN guinea

Read about some of our high-impact interventions:

The French Muskoka Fund as a leveraging tool and instrument of influence

In Guinea, complementarity of funding between the French Muskoka Fund and Mano River has had considerable leverage in the post-Ebola period. Developing protection kits for health care staff and a list of essential medical devices and equipment for managing patients affected by the 2015 Ebola epidemic have helped strengthen the resilience of the health system.

Also during the Ebola epidemic, activities to improve the quality of midwife care funded by the French Muskoka Fund complemented those undertaken by Japanese funds which, for their part, helped fund the reintroduction of some midwives into health facilities despite the risks incurred.

Improving Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care 

In Guinea, the coverage of potential BEmONC requirements has increased by 41% in 3 years.

The number of health facilities qualified to provide BEmONC rose from close to zero in 2012 to 3 in 2013, 47 in 2014 and 72 in 2015.
In 2017, 34 BEmONC and 25 CEmONC services were fully operational.
As a result, the EmONC (Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care) available in 2015 covered a population of 5.5 million inhabitants out of the country’s population of 10.6 million, in line with international standards.
Activities are continuing to make them fully operational.

Decentralized monitoring: locally accessible services for mothers and children

In Guinea, community-based delivery is ensured by the adoption of an integrated approach between the different mother and child health services.

This includes the integrated management of childhood diseases; vaccinations; family planning; nutrition; water; hygiene and sanitation; prenatal and postpartum consultations; gender-based violence/female genital mutilation; HIV; integrated disease surveillance and response, including community-based maternal and newborn deaths; and home-based newborn care.

This approach has been introduced in 750 villages in 11 prefectures (Labé, Mali, Koubia, Siguiri, Kankan, Mandiana, Kindia, Télimélé, Coyah, Forécariah and Dubréka) out of the 38 that make up the country.

Adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health

In Guinea, the availability of adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health services has significantly increased since 2012, rising from 10 facilities providing SRH services for young people to 76 facilities in 2017. These services are provided in different types of facilities: public health facilities; health facilities managed by an NGO/CSO to create a welcoming space for adolescents and young people; and school and university clinics. Some services are also provided using advanced strategies such as family planning and HIV campaigns.
Activities that help these services become more effective include training management teams and service providers on AYSRH standards, supplying equipment and drugs and setting up welcoming spaces.

KEY RESULTS

%

reduction in newborn mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Guinea

%

reduction in under-five mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Guinea

%

increase in the rate of births attended by qualified staff between 2010 and 2017 in Guinea

%

increase in exclusive breastfeeding rates in babies under 6 months in Guinea

%

increase in women’s use of modern contraception in 2017 in Guinea

stories

Hadja

Conakry, Guinea

Fanta

Conakry, Guinea

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Mali

Togo

togo

togo, AN OVERVIEW

Togo has 7.8 million inhabitants, 41% of them aged under 15 and 60% of them living outside of towns.

Economic growth picked up in 2018 to 4.9% (2.3% per capita), mainly driven by the rebound in public investment, robust growth of the services sector, the recovery in industrial production and the performance of the transport and telecommunications sectors. 

The national poverty rate declined by just over 6 percentage points from 61.7% in 2006 to 55.1% in 2015. However, poverty remains widespread, especially in rural areas where 69% of households were living below the poverty line in 2015. 

togo IN FIGURES
  • Total population 2020* : 8 M
  • Very young population* : 
    • 32% aged between 10 and 24
    • 41% aged under 15
  • Population growth rate* :
    • 2,6% per year in Togo
    • 1,1% per year in global terms
  • Fertility rate of women aged 15-49 (2015-2020)* : 4,3 children per woman

  • Contraceptive prevalence rate of women aged 15 to 49 (2018)* :

    • 23% all methods
    • 20% modern methods
  • Maternal mortality ratio (2015)** : 396 deaths per 100,000 live births
  • Rate of early marriage* : 12% of adolescents aged 15 to 19 married
  • Early pregnancies* : 35,8% of adolescents under the age of 19 pregnant or have given birth
  • Unmet family planning needs* : 33% of women aged 15 to 49

*www.unfpa.org/data/world-population-dashboard

**www.apps.who.int/gho/data/node.home

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THE FRENCH MUSKOKA FUND IN togo

Read about some of our high-impact interventions:

Innovative coordination mechanism

In Togo, activities supported by the French Muskoka Fund have been strengthened by interventions supported by other partners.
These include the French Development Agency (AFD), which is involved in the process of improving emergency obstetric and newborn care; Plan Togo, which is working to prevent adolescent pregnancy and marriage; North Star Alliance and the WADB, which are supporting the introduction of school clinics; and EngenderHealth and Jhpiego, which are helping to develop family planning programs.
It is also important to mention the support given by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and by GAVI.

Community-based family planning

In Togo, family planning has benefited from a repositioning plan. Of all the strategic innovations, the community-based distribution of family planning products is the one that has helped the country demedicalize the prescribing of injectable contraceptive methods. The number of users has risen from 2,338 to more than 97,000 in four years.

Building on the success of community-based distribution, the Ministry of Health has started developing a national policy and new community-based interventions strategic plan, delegating the management of family planning methods to local health workers, including injectable contraceptives.

The fight against gender-based violence

Studies on the links between violence and maternal health have been carried out in Togo, resulting in the creation of a consolidated report used as an advocacy instrument. This advocacy led to provisions on gender-based violence being included in the penal code.
Four studies were conducted on violence in hospital settings and the results used to enhance training modules for health care staff and inspire national strategies to improve reception in health services. Thousands of health and social workers have received training in the fields of human rights, communication, ethics and patient rights.
The subjects of gender, equity and family planning have been incorporated into several Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care services, leading to an increase in demand.

Improving infant and young child feeding 

Muskoka funding has helped implement a minimum package of nutrition-specific interventions by following a life-cycle approach, including the management of severe acute malnutrition in Togo.

The exclusive breastfeeding rate of children under six months rose from 48.1% in 2008 to 64.3% in 2017.

KEY RESULTS

%

reduction in newborn mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Togo

%

reduction in under-five mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Togo

%

increase in the rate of births attended by qualified staff between 2010 and 2017 in Togo

%

increase in exclusive breastfeeding rates in babies under 6 months Togo

%

school dropout rate due to pregnancy

%

increase in women’s use of modern contraception in 2017 in Togo

stories

Rosaline

Lomé, Togo

Jacqueline

Tsévié, Togo

Yaba 

Lomé, Togo

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Mali

Senegal

senegal

Senegal, AN OVERVIEW

Almost half of the country’s 16.3 million inhabitants are concentrated around Dakar and other urban areas.

As the second fastest growing economy in West Africa, Senegal has seen growth in excess of 6% since 2014 and is expected to retain this dynamic in the coming years. However, employment problems, particularly among young people (32% of the population is aged 10-24); the cost of living; the quality of public services; the provision and cost of electricity; and the provision of water are still the main concerns of the Senegalese people.

A further decrease in the poverty rate is expected (from 34% in 2017 to 31% in 2020 [international poverty line]), mainly thanks to the dynamic state of the agricultural sector.

senegal IN FIGURES
  • Total population 2020* : 16.3 M
  • Very young population* : 
    • 32% aged between 10 and 24
    • 43% aged under 15
  • Population growth rate* :
    • 2,9% per year in Sénégal
    • 1,1% per year in global terms
  • Fertility rate of women aged 15-49 (2015-2020)* : 4,6 children per woman

  • Contraceptive prevalence rate of women aged 15 to 49 (2018)* :

    • 26% all methods
    • 24% modern methods
  • Maternal mortality ratio (2017)** : 315 deaths per 100,000 live births
  • Rate of early marriage* : 23of adolescents aged 15 to 19 married
  • Early pregnancies* : 34,1% of adolescents under the age of 19 pregnant or have given birth
  • Unmet family planning needs* : 25% of women aged 15 to 49

*www.unfpa.org/data/world-population-dashboard

**www.apps.who.int/gho/data/node.home

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THE FRENCH MUSKOKA FUND IN senegal

Read about some of our high-impact interventions:

Improving Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care 

In Senegal, the number of BEmONC facilities operating 24/7 tripled between 2013 and 2016. This is linked to the decentralization and delegation of tasks performed by Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care, and in particular to the training of midwives and nurses in emergency obstetric care, post-abortion care and ultrasound use; the training of medical teams in Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care; and the improvement of EmONC equipment in service provision points in outlying areas; as well as to the government’s recruitment and deployment of 1,000 midwives in outlying areas.
At a strategic level, an official memo authorizing the introduction of monitoring of Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care was signed by the Minister of Health and Social Action.

Essential drugs: accessibility, quality, rationality

With the assistance of the French Muskoka Fund, Senegal has revised the current regulations for setting the price of drugs in the public sector, aimed at making the treatment of mothers and children more affordable.

The French Muskoka Fund has also helped national quality control laboratories in Senegal prepare for the WHO Prequalification Programme.

Equitable access to qualified health care staff

In Senegal, various actions have been undertaken with the joint assistance of the FFM and RMNCH Trust Fund in support of increasing and training health care staff. For example, 1,000 health workers, including 500 midwives, were recruited and the “roving midwife” project was introduced in two pilot regions: Sédhiou and Matam.
The Muskoka initiative has also helped improve the capabilities of 120 government midwife service providers and doctors in the Dakar region in providing newborn essential care (“Helping Babies Breathe”) and the kangaroo method. In 2016, coaching in the “Helping Mothers Survive” technique, to ensure adequate management of immediate postpartum hemorrhage and newborn respiratory distress, was organized for all 609 student midwives in their third year at one of five INFAS (National Institute for Health Officer Training) branches.

Adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health

In Senegal, the GINDIMA (Enlighten Me) toll-free number offers adolescents and young people comprehensive and appropriate information on adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health, including STIs and HIV/AIDS.
Launched on 12 August 2016 by the Minister for Youth, the aim of the phone line is to increase access to AYSRH information and services by building support relationships remotely using information and communication technology. It is free for the user 24 hours a day, 7 days a week; the information is available in French and Wolof and confidentiality and data protection are guaranteed.
From the day of the launch on 12 August 2016 to 31 December 2017, more than 230,000 calls were made. The main topics of these calls were sexuality, the menstrual cycle, the human body and puberty.

KEY RESULTS

MDG 4 on child mortality has been achieved by Senegal

%

reduction in newborn mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Senegal

%

reduction in under-five mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Senegal

%

increase in the rate of births attended by qualified staff between 2010 and 2017 in Senegal

%

increase in the number of midwives between 2012 and 2016 au Senegal

%

reduction in the birth rate among adolescents between 2010 and 2015 in Senegal

%

increase in women’s use of modern contraception in 2017 in Sénégal

stories

Mohamed

Dakar, Senegal

Sanou

Mbour, Senegal

Marie-Anne

Dakar, Senegal

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Mali

Benin

Benin

BENIN, AN OVERVIEW

Benin has almost 12.1 million inhabitants, more than half of them under the age of 24. They mostly live in rural areas (55%) and the average annual rate of urbanization is 3.67% (2010-2015). Despite a recent downward trend, the poverty rate remains high, at 46.4% in 2018 (with a poverty line of $1.90 a day in purchasing power parity).

Although it has had stable and robust economic growth for two decades, its poverty is due to a low level of growth per capita (only 1.6% on average during the period 2006-2016).

BENIN IN FIGURES
  • Total population 2020* : 12.1 M
  • Population growth rate* :
    • 8% per year in Benin

    • 1% per year in global terms
  • Very young* population : 
    • 32% aged between 10 and 24
    • 43% aged under 15
  • Fertility rate of women aged 15-49 (2015-2020)*: 4.9 children per woman
  • Contraceptive prevalence rate of women aged 15 to 49 (2018)*:
    • 20% all methods
    • 14% modern methods
  • Maternal mortality ratio (2017)**: 397 deaths per 100,000 live births
  • Rate of early marriage*: 16% of adolescents aged 15 to 19 married
  • Early pregnancies*: 37.3% of adolescents under the age of 19 pregnant or have given birth
  • Unmet family planning needs: 30% of women aged 15 to 49

*www.unfpa.org/data/world-population/BJ

**www.apps.who.int/gho/data/node.home

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THE FRENCH MUSKOKA FUND IN BENIN

Read about some of our high-impact interventions:

Improving the quality of care for mothers and newborns

An initiative to assess and improve the quality of care was introduced in Benin in 2016-2017 with more than fifty maternity hospitals visited in total (in 7 French-speaking West African countries). Recommendations were disseminated and some corrective action taken, including:

better division of human resources, creation of newborn corners, and better monitoring and quality control of essential drugs and supply mechanisms.

Essential family practices

The French Muskoka Fund has helped strengthen communication between community stakeholders such as local authorities, religious leaders, community health workers, the media and local radio. Interventions have progressed steadily from a strictly promotional approach to a community-based approach, with the community at the center of dialogue, diagnosis and decision-making.
Benin has piloted a participative method of developing its communication plan, with community-based diagnosis.

Family planning in communities

Community-based distribution of family planning products consists of ensuring family planning services are provided by community health workers, to bring these services to households that are remote from health facilities.

This has been introduced in Benin, where delegating tasks to community health workers has been made part of its health policy. The community health workers have received training with the support of the French Muskoka Fund.

A major innovation was the addition of injectable contraceptives to the available product range.

Equitable access to qualified health care staff

A health labor market analysis supported by the French Muskoka Fund has enabled sensible and economically viable decisions to be made to get the health workers the country needs and revise the health sector investment plan to prioritize the health workforce. An initiative to assess and improve the quality of care was introduced in 2016-2017 with more than fifty maternity hospitals visited in total (in 7 French-speaking West African countries). Recommendations were disseminated and some corrective action taken, including: better division of human resources, creation of newborn corners, and better monitoring and quality control of essential drugs and supply mechanisms.

KEY RESULTS

%

reduction in newborn mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Benin

%

reduction in under-five mortality between 1990 and 2018 in Benin

%

increase in the rate of births attended by qualified staff between 2010 and 2017 in Benin

%

increase in exclusive breastfeeding rates in babies under 6 months

%

reduction in the birth rate among adolescents between 2010 and 2015

%

increase in women’s use of modern contraception in 2017

stories

Hounson

Adjohoun, Benin

Marcelline

Cotonou, Benin

Annick 

Benin

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To contact us, complete the form below and we will get back to you as soon as possible.